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Since the beginning of time, humans have used chemical reactions without understanding them. For example, ancient Greek artisans were able to smelt metal, dye fabrics, and make glass. The attempt to transform simple metal into gold and silver was known as alchemy (the forerunner of chemistry as we know it today). By mixing elements, alchemists created chemical reactions which produced new compounds. While alchemists were never able to transform anything into gold or silver, their trails helped shape the science of chemistry. Part of Chemistry: Solved by Sherlock Olmos Series.
(Source: DCMP)
How did 20th-century physics change long-held notions of light's makeup and behavior? This group of 12 concise computer-animated videos illustrates Einstein's monumental contributions to the study of light. Shows how rudimentary ideas of material wave motion yielded to more advanced concepts of electromagnetic waves by detailing Einstein's conclusions about the speed of light and his conception of time, which-given his findings on mass and energy-proceeds according to variable frames of reference. Conveys relativistic thought experiments through helpful animation, which demonstrate simultaneity, time dilation, length contraction, and relativistic mass.
In nuclear physics, nuclear fusion is a nuclear reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei come close enough to form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles (neutrons and/or protons). The difference in mass between the products and reactants is manifested as the release of large amounts of energy. This difference in mass arises due to the difference in atomic "binding energy" between the atomic nuclei before and after the reaction. Fusion is the process that powers active or "main sequence" stars, or other high magnitude stars.
(Source: APH)
This two-part video introduces the different types of bridges. In part two, truss and suspension bridges are introduced. The design of each bridge is shown schematically along with the load distribution. The advantages and limitations of each type of bridge is also discussed. Technical concepts covered include tension, compression, bending, span, force balances, material selection, and beam/cable design. Part of "Bridge Design (and Destruction)" series.
The Magic School Bus is an award winning animated children’s television series based on the book series of the same title by Joanna Cole and Bruce Degen. It is notable for its use of celebrity talent and being both highly entertaining and educational. The bus breaks down on the way to a concert at the sound museum, and the class ends up spending the night locked up in a spooky haunted house. Trapped inside the dark house for the night, the class experiences sounds like they never have before.
With today's high fuel costs, it is time to start looking beyond petroleum and into renewable resources to power vehicles. Ethanol is a clean-burning fuel derived from plants, primarily corn. It is combined with gasoline to produce a cleaner fuel that doesn't emit as many greenhouse gases as pure gasoline. Pure ethanol has not yet been approved to fuel vehicles, but it is the fuel of choice for racecars. By mixing gasoline with ethanol, fuel supply can be extended. Explores the production of ethanol and highlights the importance it holds in the "green power" movement.
Some chemical reactions happen spontaneously, like metal rusting. Other reactions are non-spontaneous and need to absorb energy in order to occur. Using the Second Law of Thermodynamics, the principle of entropy, and the calculation of Gibbs free energy, scientists can predict which reactions will occur and vary the conditions to make more of the desired products. In equilibrium reactions, both products and reactants are always present. Equilibrium reactions in the human body are essential for life and can be exploited in chemical manufacturing as well. Part of the series Chemistry: Challenges And Solutions.
Every portable electronic device is fueled by chemistry, specifically through oxidation-reduction or redox reactions. In redox reactions, one compound gains electrons (reduction) and one compound loses them (oxidation). Chemists can set up reactions so that electrons are forced to move in a certain way to create an electrical current. Metals often play a key role in redox reactions, which are essential to all aspects of chemistry, particularly in many biochemical processes. Part of the series Chemistry: Challenges And Solutions.
This album of eight computer-animated video segments looks at the particle approach to studying light by exploring the antithesis of the wave model. Presents black-body radiation, Planck's constant, the photoelectric effect, and the work of James Clerk Maxwell as forerunners to Einstein's concept of photon frequency. Shows examples of a slope-intercept graph and a revised double-slit experiment using light-sensitive paper segue to an illustration of the Compton effect, establishing that light consists of a stream of particles. De Broglie's contributions introduce wave-particle duality, which some might consider an inadequate solution, although it represents the best that current science can do.
Part of the "A 3-D Demonstration" series. Traces the relationship between magnetism and electricity from the first accidental discovery of induced current. Introduces the concepts of electric and magnetic fields and explores their representation. Examines the features of coils and solenoids to develop the construction of practical electromechanical devices, such as solenoid switches and electromagnets. Also introduces hand rules to help determine the alignment of currents and fields. Specific modules include Electric Fields, Magnetism, Magnetic Fields, Electromagnetism, Left-Hand Rule, Electric Coils, Solenoids, Solenoid Switches, and Electromagnets. Correlates to all National CTE Organizational Standards (including the provisions of the Perkins Act).
An early exploration (2015) into how to make a sim accessible has taken place for Capacitor Lab Basics. The sim is keyboard navigable with some auditory descriptions when using 'Forms' mode with a screen reader. We are working on updating the content and the interactions, so that the simulation can be accessed by a screen reader in any mode. This prototype has been tested with NVDA and Firefox.
(Source: PhET Interactive Simulations)
Explores how studying the atom forced us to rethink the nature of reality itself, encounters ideas that seem like they're from science fiction but in fact are a central part of modern science, and discovers there might be parallel universes in which different versions of us exist and finds out that empty space isn't empty at all, but seething with activity. The world we think we know, the solid, reassuring world of our senses, turns out to be a tiny sliver of an infinitely weirder and more wonderful universe than we had ever conceived of in our wildest fantasies.
Explains the science behind the workings of a nuclear power station. The basic version explores what fission is; the role of cooling water in nuclear reactors; the nuclear fuel cycle on mining, milling, enrichment, fabrication, and spent fuel on storage and reprocessing; and other uses of nuclear energy, including "non-power" uses. The advanced version expands on this information with a specific example of a fission reaction; the use of water to vary reactor power; different methods of mining uranium; a detailed discussion of enrichment, including structure and properties of uranium hexafluoride; and two methods of enrichment: centrifuging and gas diffusion.
The Magic School Bus is an award winning animated children’s television series based on the book series of the same title by Joanna Cole and Bruce Degen. It is notable for its use of celebrity talent and being both highly entertaining and educational. The school district’s Vehicle Maintenance Inspector condemns the bus to be smashed in a junkyard. Ms. Frizzle and the class shrink to take a close look at the Magic School Bus' engine in an effort to save the bus. Will the class be able to figure out what's wrong with their beloved bus before it's too late?
Molecules form when individual atoms create bonds by sharing electrons. Understanding how atoms combine to make molecules allows scientists to predict many of the physical and chemical properties of substances. Since the outermost eight electrons are key to forming compounds, this unit shows how the Octet Rule provides a basis for predicting how atoms may gain, lose, or share electrons to fill the slots in their outer shells. A fundamental understanding of how electrons form bonds leads to the three-dimensional shapes of molecules and has implications in all aspects of chemistry. Part of the series Chemistry: Challenges And Solutions.
The speed of light is constant in a vacuum, but what about in the everyday world? Examines the behavior of light as it passes through physical substances in a collection of 23 computer-animated video shorts. Outlines Ptolemy's Law of Refraction and the concept of angle of incidence by examining light's motion through air, water, glass, and other media. Explores Snell's Law by highlighting the importance of a refractive index along with displacement, deviation, dispersion, and the role of refraction in fiber optics. Studies lens types including biconvex, convex meniscus, plano-convex, and concave models, in addition to telescopes, magnifying glasses, and the human eye.
The Magic School Bus is an award winning animated children’s television series based on the book series of the same title by Joanna Cole and Bruce Degen. It is notable for its use of celebrity talent and being both highly entertaining and educational. The class puts Ms. Frizzle on trial for replacing Keesha's prized cucumber with a pickle. Ms. Frizzle tells the class the pickle is the work of the 'Mike Robe' (microbe) Gang. Ms. Frizzle shrinks the class down to the size of microbes so they can figure out exactly what happened to Keesha's cucumber.
Figure 2.6 (OpenStax, Biology 2e) caption: In 1913, Niels Bohrs developed the Bohr model in which electrons exist within principal shells. An electron normally exists in the lowest energy shell available, which is the one closest to the nucleus. Energy from a photon of light can bump it up to a higher energy shell, but this situation is unstable, and the electron quickly decays back to the ground state. In the process, it releases a photon of light.
(Source: OpenStax)
The Magic School Bus is an award winning animated children’s television series based on the book series of the same title by Joanna Cole and Bruce Degen. It is notable for its use of celebrity talent and being both highly entertaining and educational. The only contribution the kids in Ms. Frizzle's class have made to the Walkerville Space Capsule is an empty jar. But they soon discover the jar isn’t empty; it full of air. They learn the power of air when the bus shrinks and gets stuck inside the jar, and the class finds that their only hope for escape is... air.
What does a mirror tell us about light? Illustrates 11 computer-animated video units for one aspect of light's behavior-reflection. Euclid's geometric optics and his findings on the perception of distance and perspective lead to a discussion of the Law of Reflection, linking angle of incidence with angle of reflection, and the concepts of absorption, transmission, and diffuse reflection. Explains the principles involved with plane, concave, and convex mirrors, including vertex, principle axis, center of curvature, radius of curvature, and virtual image. Shows a group of "mirror equations" how an object's location can be determined by using the laws of reflection.
Showing collections 1 to 4 of 4
A collection of simulations from PhET.
A collection containing 15 resources, curated by Charles LaPierre
3D models and images of the entire periodic table of elements
A collection containing 118 resources, curated by Library Lyna
A collection of Chemistry related resources
A collection containing 67 resources, curated by Benetech
Biology related concepts
A collection containing 59 resources, curated by Benetech
