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This transmission electron micrograph of a mitochondrion shows an oval, outer membrane and an inner membrane with many folds called cristae. Inside of the inner membrane is a space called the mitochondrial matrix. Unlike prokaryotes, eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles that allow the cell to compartmentalize different functions. These videos will provide an overview of eukaryotic cells and will take you through the structures and functions of the various organelles found within the plasma membrane.
(Source: OpenStax)
Imagine if there were electronics able to prevent epileptic seizures before they happen, or electronics that could be placed on the surface of a beating heart to monitor its functions. The problem is that such devices are a tough fit. Body tissue is soft and pliable while conventional circuits can be hard and brittle--at least until now. Materials scientist John Rogers at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign is working to develop elastic electronics.
(Source: DCMP)
As scientists discovered more and more chemical elements, they began developing systems to organize the elements by their chemical properties, leading to the modern periodic table. Through its organization, the periodic table makes clear the underlying chemical and physical trends among the elements. The periodic table is being continually updated even today as scientists strive to create new elements in laboratories. Part of the series Chemistry: Challenges And Solutions.
With support from the National Science Foundation, Center Director Doug Keszler and his team in the College of Science at Oregon State University are developing the next generation of electronic circuits, starting with the basic computer chip. In the manufacturing process, they want to replace bulky carbon compounds with metal oxides, in order to put more transistors onto a chip. The new process would be cleaner, faster and cheaper. Part of the National Science Foundation Series “Science Nation.”
Using light as a probe, scientists found innovative ways to make inferences about the inner structure of the atom. In this unit, scientists discuss the change from believing the atom was a single indivisible particle to later understanding the atom is composed of subatomic parts. This new picture of matter lead to the development of the quantum model of the atom, as well as ways to identify traces of chemical elements, whether on earth, in the sun, or in a distant galaxy. Part of the series Chemistry: Challenges And Solutions.
Figure 2.7 (OpenStax, Biology 2e) caption: Bohr diagrams indicate how many electrons fill each principal shell. Group 18 elements (helium, neon, and argon) have a full outer, or valence, shell. A full valence shell is the most stable electron configuration. Elements in other groups have partially filled valence shells and gain or lose electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.
Figure 2.11 (OpenStax, Biology 2e) caption: In the formation of an ionic compound, metals lose electrons and nonmetals gain electrons to achieve an octet.
Figure 2.9 (OpenStax, Biology 2e) caption: Two or more atoms may bond with each other to form a molecule. When two hydrogens and an oxygen share electrons via covalent bonds it forms a water molecule.
Figure 2.6 (OpenStax, Biology 2e) caption: In 1913, Niels Bohrs developed the Bohr model in which electrons exist within principal shells. An electron normally exists in the lowest energy shell available, which is the one closest to the nucleus. Energy from a photon of light can bump it up to a higher energy shell, but this situation is unstable, and the electron quickly decays back to the ground state. In the process, it releases a photon of light.
Molecules form when individual atoms create bonds by sharing electrons. Understanding how atoms combine to make molecules allows scientists to predict many of the physical and chemical properties of substances. Since the outermost eight electrons are key to forming compounds, this unit shows how the Octet Rule provides a basis for predicting how atoms may gain, lose, or share electrons to fill the slots in their outer shells. A fundamental understanding of how electrons form bonds leads to the three-dimensional shapes of molecules and has implications in all aspects of chemistry. Part of the series Chemistry: Challenges And Solutions.
Figure 2.2 (OpenStax, Biology 2e) caption: Elements, such as helium, depicted here, are made up of atoms. Atoms are made up of protons and neutrons located within the nucleus, with electrons in orbitals surrounding the nucleus.
Sherlock Olmos uses his famous detective skills to solve his mysterious case of how the periodic table is structured. With a touch of humor, he investigates electrons, valences, and the physical and chemical properties of some of the elements. Part of Chemistry: Solved by Sherlock Olmos Series.
Sherlock Olmos decides to dig deeper into dark corner of this great house to investigate the suspicious behavior of some chemical elements. The exchange of electrons and the characteristics of hydrogen, fluorine gas, and the noble gases are the primary subjects of his investigation. Part of Chemistry: Solved by Sherlock Olmos Series.
Every portable electronic device is fueled by chemistry, specifically through oxidation-reduction or redox reactions. In redox reactions, one compound gains electrons (reduction) and one compound loses them (oxidation). Chemists can set up reactions so that electrons are forced to move in a certain way to create an electrical current. Metals often play a key role in redox reactions, which are essential to all aspects of chemistry, particularly in many biochemical processes. Part of the series Chemistry: Challenges And Solutions.
What is an atom? It is the smallest particle of an element, and everything is made up of atoms. They consist of three basic particles: protons, electrons, and neutrons. The scientific community has experienced significant breakthroughs which have contributed to the understanding of atoms. Other topics covered include atomic number, atomic mass, Bohr model, electron cloud, and isotope.
Chlorine is a chemical element with the symbol Cl and it has atomic number 17. It has seven electrons in the third outermost shell acting as its valence electrons.
(Source: Library Lyna)
Gives a general introduction to microscopes, a device invented 400 years ago. Begins with a simple magnifying glass and moves to the optical, confocal, electron, scanning electron, and the scanning tunneling microscopes. Shows that each one "sees" with increasing detail. The microscope opens invisible worlds and aids scientists in improving ours.
Ever wondered how art museums decide if a painting is a fake? Nate meets with Dr. Gregory Smith, a forensic art scientist, to follow a painting they suspect is a forgery. They use everything from x-ray fluorescence to electron microscopy to figure this case out. Part of the "Artrageous With Nate" series.
The formation of molecular bonds is an essential part of keeping matter together. The sharing of charges between atoms helps them become more stable. Other topics covered include sharing electrons, bonding tendencies, isomers, VSEPR theory, and molecular geometry. Part of the "Chemistry" series.
Showing collections 1 to 5 of 5
A collection of Chemistry related resources
A collection containing 67 resources, curated by Benetech
3D models and images of the entire periodic table of elements
A collection containing 118 resources, curated by Library Lyna
Biology related concepts
A collection containing 59 resources, curated by Benetech
A collection of simulations from PhET.
A collection containing 15 resources, curated by Charles LaPierre
Resources related to vision
A collection containing 12 resources, curated by Charles LaPierre
