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The decade that kicked off the 20th Century was responsible for two inventions that helped define the next 100 years. The airplane and the radio set the planet on a course to becoming truly a global village. Featured inventions include: the radio, the airplane, the disposable razor, the air conditioner, and the vacuum cleaner.
(Source: DCMP)
Typically, diesel fuel is made from crude oil, but scientists can make high-grade diesel from coal, natural gas, plants, or even agricultural waste, using a process called Fischer–Tropsch (FT). FT Diesel is the ideal liquid transportation fuel for automobiles, trucks, and jets. It’s much cleaner burning than conventional diesel, and much more energy-efficient than gasoline. But, FT Diesel is expensive to make and generates lots of waste. With support from the National Science Foundation and its Center for Enabling New Technologies through Catalysis (CENTC), chemists around the United States are working together to improve the cost and energy efficiency of alternative fuels. Part of the National Science Foundation Series “Science Nation.”
Where does the flu come from? How can science make the flu vaccine better? A scientist armed with pipe cleaners and 10,000 RNA samples explains.
University of Colorado engineer Abby Watrous is on a mission in rural China, converting coal-burning homes and cook stoves into cleaner-burning models. With funding from the National Science Foundation, this civil and environmental engineer is helping to develop renewable energy technologies in developing communities. Watrous and her colleagues are looking at ways to help more people use biomass.
In a decade dominated by the Great Depression, the inventors of the 1930s were desperately trying to make a living. They come up with some simple yet ingenious inventions that are still practical necessities in our fast-paced life. Featured inventions include: the helicopter, xerography, the parking meter, the walkie talkie, and the electric guitar.
Hidden in a vault outside Paris, vacuum-sealed under three bell jars, sits a palm-sized metal cylinder known as “Le Grand K.” Forged in 1879 from an alloy of platinum and iridium, it was hailed as the perfect kilogram—the gold standard by which other kilograms would be judged. However, it is wasting away, and scientists are scrambling for a more reliable standard. Part of the "Uno Dos of Trace" series.
With support from the National Science Foundation, Center Director Doug Keszler and his team in the College of Science at Oregon State University are developing the next generation of electronic circuits, starting with the basic computer chip. In the manufacturing process, they want to replace bulky carbon compounds with metal oxides, in order to put more transistors onto a chip. The new process would be cleaner, faster and cheaper. Part of the National Science Foundation Series “Science Nation.”
With today's high fuel costs, it is time to start looking beyond petroleum and into renewable resources to power vehicles. Ethanol is a clean-burning fuel derived from plants, primarily corn. It is combined with gasoline to produce a cleaner fuel that doesn't emit as many greenhouse gases as pure gasoline. Pure ethanol has not yet been approved to fuel vehicles, but it is the fuel of choice for racecars. By mixing gasoline with ethanol, fuel supply can be extended. Explores the production of ethanol and highlights the importance it holds in the "green power" movement.
The speed of light is constant in a vacuum, but what about in the everyday world? Examines the behavior of light as it passes through physical substances in a collection of 23 computer-animated video shorts. Outlines Ptolemy's Law of Refraction and the concept of angle of incidence by examining light's motion through air, water, glass, and other media. Explores Snell's Law by highlighting the importance of a refractive index along with displacement, deviation, dispersion, and the role of refraction in fiber optics. Studies lens types including biconvex, convex meniscus, plano-convex, and concave models, in addition to telescopes, magnifying glasses, and the human eye.
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