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Weather forecasting has changed from a day-to-day guess based on local observation to a scientific method dependent on global data collected accurately, in detail, and at set times. Traces the progression of forecasting from data-collection methods to regional centers for computer plotting and analysis to prediction of weather for the next five to seven days. Includes why forecasting is important.
(Source: DCMP)
The human brain is often compared to a computer, but this three-pound organ is far more complex, powerful, and capable than the most advanced computer. Everything we do, are, think, and feel begins with the brain. Defines the parts and functions of a brain cell, explores how the brain works, and mentions brain chemicals.
While many of rely on passwords to protect their identity, there's more sophisticated identity recognition technology called "biometrics" for use. Security measures that use biometrics rely on a person's unique characteristics and traits rather than on what that person can remember, such as a password. Ocular biometrics, in particular, relies on iris and retinal scanning. With support from the National Science Foundation, computer scientist Oleg Komogortsev and a team at Texas State University are taking the technology a step further, making it even more secure, reliable and nearly impossible to fool. Part of the National Science Foundation Series “Science Nation.”
How could brain-computer interfaces be used in the real world? Katherine Pratt, a researcher at the Center for Neurotechnology at University of Washington, discusses this question. Part of the "Ask a Scientist" series.
Locked-in syndrome is a condition in which people with normal cognitive brain activity suffer severe paralysis, often from injuries or an illness such as Lou Gehrig’s disease. Boston University neuroscientist Frank Guenther conducts research on how brain regions interact, with the hope of melding mind and machine, and ultimately making life much better for people with locked-in syndrome.
Graphene could make it possible for electricity to move effortlessly through computer chips, thereby allowing computer systems to run faster than ever before. Savings in both heat and energy costs could have graphene replacing silicon as the basis of computer chip construction. Part of the Fast Draw Series.
Photogrammetry is the science of making precise measurements by the use of photography. United States Geological Survey (USGS) geologist Angie Diefenbach describes how she uses a digital camera and computer software to understand the growth rate of lava domes during a volcanic eruption.
Before a rover starts exploring a new planet, engineers send computer commands telling it where to go. They can send a string of specific commands, or they can let the rover think on its own. Part of the “Mars in a Minute” series.
Since the invention of the internet during the 1960s, computer servers have been used for the exchange of information. Today things have changed; anyone can transfer files. Individuals can transfer files from one point to another or house them in a specific location within the network which can be used later for consultation. This is what is called "the Cloud".
Due to the development of computers and the growing number of programmers who develop new and improved software, there has been a wave of illegal software use, known as piracy. Companies are making advances in technology and increasing the number of computer programmers in an effort to reduce piracy. This is the Free Software model.
One of the major challenges in robotics is designing robots that can move over uneven, loose, or unexpected terrain. With support from the National Science Foundation, computer engineer Luther Palmer and his team at the Biomorphic Robotics Lab at the University of South Florida are designing computer simulation models for the next generation of robotic legs, and then building them in the lab. The team studies the biomechanics of animals adept at running on rough ground to program the algorithms that power their computer simulations. Part of the National Science Foundation Series “Science Nation.”
University of Rochester electrical engineer Mark Bocko has combined his passion for music with his passion for engineering, devising a way to digitally compress music files. Bocko’s team of engineers and musicians at Rochester’s Eastman School of Music are also helping uncover some extraordinarily precise details about just how music is made. With support from the National Science Foundation, they have built a computer model of the clarinet, entirely from real world acoustical measurements taken from human musicians. Measuring such things as how hard the musician is blowing into the instrument and the pressure the musician applies to the reed, they have modeled the way music is made.
The ancient city of Rome wasn't built in a day, but now that city, along with all its famous landmarks, can be digitized in just a matter of hours. A new computer program under development at the University of Washington in Seattle combs through hundreds of thousands of tourist photos on Flickr and other photo sharing sites and reconstructs the city – pixel by pixel. Now, viewers can fly around many of Rome's famous landmarks on their computer in far more detail than they'd ever be able to on current virtual map programs such as Google Earth. The new technique may one day create online maps that offer viewers a virtual-reality experience. The software could build cities for video games automatically, instead of doing so by hand.
The technological revolution is progressing every day at a faster pace. Virtual reality is no longer enough, now augmented reality is necessary. But what is augmented reality? Well, it's the option to view objects in 3D and at the same time as a real image with just a helmet, goggles and a special computer program. Currently it is being used for video games, architectural drawings, artwork and even medicine.
Imagine a virtual computer simulation that reflects the world in real-time. The current virtual reality technology center has been creating and implementing this technology at the University of Southern California campus in Los Angeles. It is called Geo-Immersion. Center director Cyrus Shahabi envisions the technology being used at other college campuses and institutions for applications ranging from social networking to enhancing security.
Carnegie Mellon University Computer Scientist and Electrical Engineer, Anthony Rowe, can always keep an eye on his home, even when he’s traveled to another time zone. That’s because he’s rigged his home with sensors he invented with support from the National Science Foundation. Now all he needs is a laptop to help him keep track of all his appliances – whether they are on or off and how much energy they’re using.
University of Chicago scientists are collaborating with researchers at the Argonne National Laboratory to build a wide-ranging urban sensing project in Chicago known as the Array of Things (AoT). A network of 500 computer nodes gather data on various livability factors from all over Chicago. These factors include climate, weather, air quality, noise levels, and traffic. The data is gathered in real time and helps individuals understand the complexities of city dynamics. Part of the “Science Nation” series.
It was a decade of big bands and big bangs. During the Second World War, the 1940s bring some of the greatest inventions of all time. And in the peaceful years that followed, all that inventing know-how would carry on in ways never imagined. Featured inventions include: the jet engine, the computer, the microwave oven, kitty litter, and the Crash Test Dummy.
A new software, Columbia 3.0, has been created thanks to the growth of mobile applications, technological improvements in the world of computers, and the creation of new business models. This event was sponsored by the Ministry of Information and Communication Technologies and aims to improve the quality of audiovisual and virtual content in both professional and academic arenas.
With support from the National Science Foundation, Center Director Doug Keszler and his team in the College of Science at Oregon State University are developing the next generation of electronic circuits, starting with the basic computer chip. In the manufacturing process, they want to replace bulky carbon compounds with metal oxides, in order to put more transistors onto a chip. The new process would be cleaner, faster and cheaper. Part of the National Science Foundation Series “Science Nation.”
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