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Join the Amoeba Sisters as they explain gene and chromosome mutations and explore the significance of these changes. A mutation is a change that occurs in a DNA sequence, either due to mistakes when the DNA is copied or as a result of environmental factors. Part of "The Amoeba Sisters" series.
(Source: DCMP)
A mutagen is any agent (physical, chemical, or biological) capable of altering the structure of DNA within human cells. This program explores how some mutations are a natural process resulting from errors in the copying and repair of DNA and how some mutagens naturally exist in the world (e.g., UV radiation, cosmic rays, and some radioactive isotopes). Others are specific chemicals that have been synthesized for use in manufacturing or other industries. Mutagens may also arise during the metabolism of certain foods. In many cases mutagens may also lead to the development of cancers.
Defines viruses and traces the way they enter and infect the human body. Discusses virus mutation. Documents researchers working to develop vaccines from viruses. Explains why retroviruses pose a problem to scientists every year.
In some parts of the world, there is an intimate connection between the infectious parasitic disease "malaria" and the genetic disease "sickle-cell anemia." A keenly observant young man named Tony Allison, working in East Africa in the 1950s, first noticed the connection and assembled the pieces of the puzzle. His story stands as the first and one of the best understood examples of natural selection, where the selective agent, adaptive mutation, and molecule involved are known-and this is in humans to boot. The protection against malaria by the sickle-cell mutation shows how evolution does not necessarily result in the best solution imaginable but proceeds by whatever means are available.
In some parts of the world, there is an intimate connection between the infectious parasitic disease "malaria" and the genetic disease "sickle-cell anemia." A keenly observant young man named Tony Allison, working in East Africa in the 1950s, first noticed the connection and assembled the pieces of the puzzle. His story stands as the first and one of the best understood examples of natural selection, where the selective agent, adaptive mutation, and molecule involved are known--and this is in humans to boot. The protection against malaria by the sickle-cell mutation shows how evolution does not necessarily result in the best solution imaginable but proceeds by whatever means are available.
Arthropod are the most abundant and diverse group of animals in the world. They inhabit every continent and every ocean, and they outnumber all other animal groups combined. This episode investigates what arthropods are, where they come from, and how they have succeeded through genetic mutation, diversity, exploitation, and coevolution. Part of the "Nature's Microworlds: Insect Specials" series.
Part of the "Visualizing Cell Processes" series. Includes the following modules: "The Protein Nature of Life," "Protein Structure," "Transcription," "Translation and Protein Synthesis," "Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes," "Classes of Eukaryote DNA," "Exons and Introns," "Mutations," and "Renegade DNA: The Viruses."
Part of the "Inside the Living Cell" series. Shows how DNA replicates; how copy errors occur and are subsequently corrected by repair enzymes; and how DNA is compressed into chromosomes, making mitosis and cell division possible. Provides an overview of DNA structure, replicating DNA, mutations that change the genetic code, proofreading and repair, and the stages of mitosis.
The rock pocket mouse is a living example of Darwin's process of natural selection. Not only is evolution happening right now everywhere around us, but adaptive changes can occur in a population with remarkable speed. This speed is essential if you're a desert mouse living in an environment where a volcanic eruption can reverse selective pressure in nearly an instant. Features Dr. Michael Nachman, whose work in the field and in the lab has quantified the selective pressure of predators and identified the genes involved in adaptation. From ecosystem to molecules, pocket mice show the viewers how random changes in the genome can take many paths to the same adaptation-a colored coat that hides them from predators.
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