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Scientific evidence may show that human activity, particularly over the past 100 years, has led to a buildup of what are known as "greenhouse gases," the most common of which is carbon dioxide, in the atmosphere. Energy use, particularly the burning of fossil fuels and the large-scale removal of vegetation from the earth's surface, are thought to be largely responsible for greenhouse gas buildup.
(Source: DCMP)
The concept of propulsive thrust to move objects over large distances is ancient. Yet, the technology to move an automobile forward or a rocket into space was invented less than two centuries ago. The invention of the solid fuel propulsion system combined with Newton's Third Law is the simplistic basis for modern rocketry. Students will review the history of propulsion and explore its use as a viable energy source of the future.
Over the past 200 years, more than two trillion metric tons of carbon dioxide have been poured into the atmosphere. This episode illustrates that carbon dioxide isn't just changing the climate on land. It's transforming the ocean in ways that haven't been seen for millions of years. Scientists around the world are in a race to understand these changes and what they will mean for thousands of species. Part of the "One Ocean" series.
Inside a cylinder that is about the size of a roll of paper towels lives a circuit board filled with sensors. It's called a dropsonde, or “sonde” for short. As the sonde falls through the air after being dropped for an airplane, its sensors gather data about the atmosphere. Dropsondes have a huge impact on understanding hurricanes and the ability to predict hurricanes. Part of the National Science Foundation Series “Science Nation.”
One might never know it, but the seemingly quiet Harvard Forest in Massachusetts is actually hard at work. Like other forests, it’s busy doing some serious global housekeeping, which is being monitored by scientists at Harvard University. With support from the National Science Foundation, researchers are studying forest ecology. That research includes determining how the forest responds to carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Part of the National Science Foundation Series “Science Nation.”
Many of our daily activities generate carbon dioxide and contribute to global warming and climatic changes. While carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are necessary for our survival, some research indicates that an increase in their levels may alter the climate. The increased presence of these gases can magnify the natural greenhouse effect of the atmosphere and damage the environment. However, there are steps individuals can take to decrease the impact of global warming and climate change. Chapter 1 of Air: Climate Change Series.
The planets closest to the sun, often referred to as the inner planets, are the focus of this program. Colorful animations, along with images captured by space probes, illustrate the characteristics of Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. The fundamental structure of the solar system and the process by which planets revolve around the sun are discussed. Special attention is given to the features that make Earth unique in the solar system. Important terminology includes: sun, orbit, revolve, gravity, inertia, rotation, axis, atmosphere, and spacecraft.
Earth's moon was probably formed when a body the size of Mars collided twice with the planet. The moon is steadily receding into space; eventually, due to the loss of this lunar regulator, Earth will start to wobble, creating climatic chaos. Eclipses can be also seen often when the sun obscures the moon or vice versa. Another light show, the Aurora, occurs when electrified particles from the solar wind interact with Earth's upper atmosphere and is visible particularly in the Polar Regions.
Gabriela, Manuel and Leonardo are three friends who accidentally start a rocket that takes them to space. Their journey through space takes them to different planets and strange worlds. Throughout their journey, they have the help of Maqui, an on-board computer. Maqui helps them learn about the universe. After a mechanical problem, the kids land on planet where strange beings like to play athletic games. The three friends join in and teach the beings soccer. As they start playing, Gabi and Leo have trouble breathing. Manuel consults with Maqui and discovers that the planet’s atmosphere has less oxygen than Earth.
El Niño and La Niña are periodic weather patterns resulting from interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere in the Pacific Ocean. Ocean temperatures indicate the presence of El Niño and La Niña, which sometimes lead to extreme weather in many parts of the United States. NOAA climatologists closely track the development of these oscillating systems, which typically last between one to two years. With so much at stake, it’s critical to be able to monitor and forecast when El Niño or La Niña is developing so governments, businesses, and private citizens can prepare.
Scorched by their proximity to the sun, Mercury and Venus are hostile worlds. One is gouged with craters from cosmic collisions, and the other is a vortex of sulfur, carbon dioxide, and acid rain. Prime examples of planets gone awry, do they serve as a warning for ominous scenarios that might someday threaten Earth? Cutting-edge computer graphics are used to show what life would be on other planets and to imagine what kind of life forms might evolve in alien atmospheres.
Are the rings of Saturn a real celestial phenomenon or merely a cosmic illusion? Technology allows the experts to get closer to the furthest planet visible to the naked eye. Old questions are answered and new ones arise. Does Saturn hold the key to Earth's weather and will one of its moons supply us with all the oil we'll ever need? Cutting-edge computer graphics are used to show what life would be like on other planets and to imagine what kinds of life forms might evolve in alien atmospheres.
The seemingly peaceful atmosphere in an organic garden on the University of Florida campus belies the battles happening among many of its tiniest inhabitants: the insects. For entomologist Christine Miller, there are endless opportunities here to study how insects compete and even fight for a mate. With support from the National Science Foundation, Miller and her team are researching mate selection and animal weapons as a key to better understanding animal behavior, diversity, and evolution. Understanding evolution is essential for figuring out solutions to modern problems such as antibiotic resistance, a major problem in medicine, and for understanding how life on the planet became so diverse and how it may change in the future. Part of the National Science Foundation Series “Science Nation.”
Solutions are uniform mixtures of molecules in which any of the phases of matter can be dissolved in another phase. Whether solids, liquids, or gases, solution chemistry is important because most chemical reactions, whether in the laboratory or in nature, take place in solutions. In particular, solutions with water as the solvent are the core of all biology. Extending the particle model of matter to solutions enables chemists to predict what will happen to a deep-sea diver who breathes different mixtures of gases or to the life forms in the ocean as carbon dioxide levels rise in the atmosphere. Part of Chemistry: Challenges and Solutions Series.
Mars is the planet in our solar system most similar to Earth. Rumors of life on it may be substantiated as NASA orbiters and rovers discover new evidence of frozen water just beneath the rusty soil. Did alien life exist there? As Earth reels with the effects of global warming, Mars becomes the most likely candidate for eventual human habitation. Cutting-edge computer graphics are used to show what life would be like on Mars, and to imagine what kind of life forms might evolve in alien atmospheres.
New discoveries regarding the Outer Planets are creating a fundamental rethinking of our solar system. Uranus is a toxic combination of hydrogen, helium and methane. Scientists speculate that the planet was knocked on its side after colliding with another body. Neptune's largest moon, Triton, is cold and barren, but some scientists speculate that liquid water might exist under Triton's icy surface. Cold and inhospitable, Pluto completes one orbit around the solar system every 248 years. Cutting-edge computer graphics are used to bring the universe down to earth to show what life would be like on other planets, and to imagine what kind of life forms might evolve in alien atmospheres.
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3D models and images of the entire periodic table of elements
A collection containing 118 resources, curated by Library Lyna
A collection of Chemistry related resources
A collection containing 67 resources, curated by Benetech
